azimuth: المعنى والتعريفات

The horizontal angular distance from a reference direction, usually the northern point of the horizon, to the point where a vertical circle through a celestial body intersects the horizon, usually measured clockwise. Sometimes the southern point is used as the reference direction, and the measurement is made clockwise through 360°.

The horizontal angle of an observer's bearing, measured clockwise from a reference direction such as true north.

The horizontal angle of a projectile's motion, measured relative to a reference direction such as true north.